Using Mathematics to predict traffic flow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using Mathematics to predict traffic flow - Essay Example In this paper, we study microscopic model in detail, which utilizes ordinary differential equations. We also provide the reasons for studying the traffic flow and the current applications in science. The basic aim of studying traffic is to comprehend traffic jamming and find ways to prevent it. The aim is to provide well-organized movement of traffic while reducing congestion problems. Traffic modeling is studied in different disciplines and each of the fields explains why we study traffic. In Engineering, civil engineers are interested in traffic to be able to forecast and model traffic flow to generate operative and safe road systems and intersections. In addition, electrical engineers may create intelligent electronic appliances, which will monitor and get used to traffic conditions. Besides, environmental engineers may study how traffic jamming affects fuel consumption and air pollution. For city planners, they study traffic to determine the most effectively use and apply traffic systems. A city planner may need to decide the effectof the addition of an on-ramp to a freeway or if to construct a bypass. Moreover, a city planner may need to determine certain types of cars that should be prevented from a certain roadway. The traffic models can assist state government and city planners to determine speed limits. Through creation of accurate simulations of traffic models, computer scientists enable city planners and engineers to rapidly test new designs. Simulations can define how a planned change in infrastructure will influence traffic before any building is initiated. There are two current types of models namely macroscopic and microscopic. Both models have modern state-of-the-art equations. Macroscopic models research on traffic from a general or average perspective whereas microscopic models research on the motion of individual vehicles. The traffic jams can be studied with both types of models. The models can simulate

Plagiarism and Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Plagiarism and Fraud - Essay Example Occasionally these cases hit the roof and media pushes them forward. Many academic frauds are never even discovered and pose a threat to the integrity of authors and authenticity. One such case occurred of a professor in India, where he was found guilty of plagiarising above 70 papers and publishing them in his name between the years 2004 to 2007. This fraud was committed by a chemistry professor named Pattium Chiranjeevi he was teaching at Sri Venkateswara University in Tirupati located in India. (Schulz, 2008) Pattium Chiranjeevi had submitted an article on the measurement of Arsenic (III) which was found identical to a published research paper by some Japanese scholars. He was also allegedly involved in charging students for awarding them their respective degrees. This fraud was exposed by Purnendu K. (Sandy) Dasgupta, who was also a chemistry tutor at the University of Texas. The discovery was done using a tool eTBlast. The discovery was initiated by a student of Dasgupta who reviewed the paper by Chiranjeevi. He informed Dasgupta about his suspicion of plagiarism on the professor’s work. Professor Dasgupta first threatened Professor Chiranjeevi about notifying his university of his misconduct. This did not receive a response from Chiranjeevi and he denied all accusation on his work. The notification letter was thus sent by Professor Dasgupta to Duvvuru Gunasekar, head of Chemistry Department of Chiranjeevi University; who did a detailed survey and probed in Chiranjeevi publications including the Arsenic (III) paper along with duplicate papers on selenium. The stakeholders in the mentioned case of plagiarism and fraud are Sri Venkateswara University, its faculty, and administrators, head of department and research journals who published his plagiarised articles and papers. This is because such crime was being committed under their noses.